Identification methods for common components and usage of measuring instruments
Date:2024-07-23 15:00:00 Views:250
components and partsIdentification and measurement are crucial skills in electronic engineering and maintenance. Here are some common methods for identifying components and using measuring instruments:
Identification of common components
Resistor(Resistor):
Appearance: Typically cylindrical or rectangular, with colored rings or numerical markings on the surface.
Color ring identification: The resistance value and tolerance are determined by the color of the color ring.
Digital identification: Some resistors have numbers printed on the surface, directly indicating the resistance value.
Capacitor(Capacitor):
Appearance: available in cylindrical, square, flat, etc., with capacitance values printed on the surface (e.gmFThenFThepF).
Electrolytic capacitor: usually cylindrical, marked with polarity (positive and negative).
Ceramic capacitors: usually small disc-shaped or rectangular, without polarity markings.
Inductor(Inductor):
Appearance: Usually coil shaped, sometimes enclosed in cylindrical or rectangular shells.
Identification: The surface may be printed with inductance values (such asmHThemH).
Diode(Diode):
Appearance: Usually cylindrical or flat, with a marking ring at one end indicating the negative electrode (cathode).
Types: such as ordinary diodes, light-emitting diodes(LED)Zener diodes, etc.
Transistor(Transistor):
Appearance: Typically a three pin semiconductor device, sometimes packaged asTO-92TheTO-220Wait.
Identification: The model identification is on the packaging, and the pin function needs to be determined by referring to the data manual (such asBTheCTheE).
Integrated Circuit(IC):
Appearance: Typically a multi pin packaged chip, withDIPTheSOPTheQFPWaiting for packaging form.
Identification: The surface is printed with the model and batch number, please refer to the data manual.
Use of measuring instruments
Multimeter(Multimeter):
Measure resistance: Select the resistance range, touch the probes on both ends of the resistance, and read the displayed resistance value.
Measure voltage: Select the DC or AC voltage range, touch the probes to both ends of the voltage source, and read the displayed voltage value.
Measure current: Select the current range and measure the current flowing through the circuit in series.
Measuring diodes: Select the diode mode, and touch the probes at both ends of the diode. When forward, the conduction voltage is displayed, and when reverse, infinity is displayed.
Oscilloscope(Oscilloscope):
Measure waveform: Connect the probe to the signal source, adjust the time base and voltage level, and observe the waveform on the screen.
Measurement frequency: Determine the frequency through the measurement function of the oscilloscope or by calculating the waveform period.
Measurement amplitude: Read the peak to peak value or effective value of the waveform by adjusting the vertical gear.
Signal generator(Signal Generator):
Set waveform: Select the desired waveform type (such as sine wave, square wave, triangular wave).
Set frequency and amplitude: Adjust the frequency and amplitude knobs to output the desired signal.
Connect output: Connect the output terminal to the tested circuit or device.
Electric bridge(Bridge):
Measure resistance, capacitance, and inductance: By adjusting the balance state of the bridge, read the value of the measured component.
Precision measurement: suitable for high-precision component measurement, especially for use in laboratory environments.
Spectrum analyzer(Spectrum Analyzer):
Measure spectrum: Connect the signal source, set the frequency range and resolution bandwidth, and observe the spectrum diagram.
Measure signal strength: Read the power or level of the signal through a spectrogram.
summary
Identifying components and correctly using measuring instruments are fundamental skills for electronic engineers and maintenance personnel. Mastering these skills proficiently can effectively carry out circuit design, debugging, and troubleshooting.