What are the items and methods to detect the reliability of connectors?

Date：2021-10-18 17:05:00 Views：1865

Connector is an indispensable component in electronic equipment. If you observe along the current flow path, you will always find one or more connectors. It is also a component that our electronic engineers and technicians often contact. It is used to build a communication bridge between blocked or isolated circuits in the circuit, so as to make the current flow and realize the predetermined function of the circuit. With the development of society and the progress of science and technology, connectors are playing a more and more important role in various fields. In order to ensure their safety and durability, it is essential to test the reliability of connectors.

The reliability of the connector shall consider the following factors:

(1) Materials for connector product design and manufacturing;

(2) Operating environment;

(3) Functional requirements application environmentIn particular, temperature, humidity and corrosivity determine which failure mechanisms will play a role, and the functional requirements of the connector determine what failure degree is allowed.

Understand the reliability of the connector, and generally carry out various tests on the connector. The tests generally involve the following items: plugging force test, durability test, insulation resistance test, vibration test, mechanical impact test, cold and hot impact test, mixed gas corrosion test, etc. Specific test items are as follows:

（1） Plugging force test (reference standard: eia-364-13)

Purpose: to verify whether the plug-in force of the connector meets the requirements of product specifications;

Principle: fully insert or pull out the connector at the specified rate, and record the corresponding force value.

（2） Durability test (reference standard: eia-364-09)

Objective: To evaluate the impact of repeated plugging on the connector and simulate the plugging condition of the connector in practical use.

Principle: continuously plug and unplug the connector at the specified rate until the specified number of times is reached.

（3） Insulation resistance test (reference standard: eia-364-21)

Purpose: to verify whether the insulation performance of the connector meets the requirements of circuit design or whether its resistance value meets the provisions of relevant technical conditions when it is subjected to environmental stress such as high temperature and humidity.

Principle: apply voltage to the insulating part of the connector to generate leakage current on the surface or inside of the insulating part.

（4） Withstand voltage test (reference standard: eia-364-20)

Purpose: to verify whether the connector can work safely under the rated voltage and withstand the over potential, so as to evaluate whether the insulation material or insulation gap of the connector is appropriate. Principle: apply the specified voltage between the connector contact and the contact, and between the contact and the shell for the specified time, and observe whether the sample has breakdown or discharge.

（5） Contact resistance test (reference standard: eia-364-06 / eia-364-23)

Purpose: to verify the resistance value generated when the current flows through the contact surface of the contact. Principle: the resistance value is obtained by applying the specified current to the connector and measuring the voltage drop at both ends of the connector

（6） Vibration test (reference standard: eia-364-28)

Objective: to verify the effect of vibration on the performance of electrical connector and its components.

Vibration type: random vibration, sinusoidal vibration

（7） Mechanical impact test (reference standard: eia-364-27)

Objective: to verify the impact resistance of connector and its components or to evaluate whether its structure is firm;

Test waveform: half sine wave, square wave.

（8） Cold and hot shock test (reference standard: eia-364-32)

Objective: To evaluate the effect of connector on its functional quality under rapid large temperature difference.

（9） Combined cycle test of temperature and humidity (reference standard: eia-364-31)

Objective: To evaluate the effect of connectors stored in high temperature and high humidity environment on the performance of connectors.

（10） High temperature test (reference standard: eia-364-17)

Objective: To evaluate whether the terminal and insulator properties of the connector have changed after being exposed to high temperature environment for a specified time.

（11） Salt spray test (salt spray test)

Objective: To evaluate the salt spray corrosion resistance of connectors, terminals and coatings

（12） Mixed gas corrosion test (reference standard: eia-364-65)

Objective: To evaluate the corrosion resistance of connector exposed to different concentrations of mixed gas and its effect on its performance

In conclusion, the connectors in the machine, such as board-to-board connectors, can be used as shrapnel microneedle modules during performance testing. As a connection module, it has high reliability in current transmission and signal conduction. When transmitting 1-50a current, the overcurrent is stable and smooth without attenuation, which is conducive to accelerating the test process, with high service life and no frequent replacement. It can also maintain good performance in the high-frequency test of board to board connector.