What are the welding methods? What are the characteristics of each?

Date：2021-11-22 13:15:34 Views：2539

Welding is a process in which the material of the workpiece to be welded (the same or different) is heated or pressurized or both, and the material of the workpiece is bonded between atoms with or without filling materials to form a permanent connection. Welding technology is an important metal processing technology developed at the end of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century. Because it has a series of technical and economic advantages, it has developed into an independent discipline and is widely used in aviation, aerospace, atomic energy, chemical industry, shipbuilding, electronic technology, construction, transportation and other industrial departments.

1. Arc welding

Basic principle - arc welding method of electric welding with manually made welding wire. The stable ignition arc created between the welding wire and the weldment is used to melt the welding wire and the weldment, so as to obtain a solid butt weld. It belongs to gas slag collaborative maintenance.

Key characteristics - convenient operation; The requirements for the assembly line of the welded joint to be welded are low; Wide range of weldable metal composites; Low production efficiency of electric welding; Strong dependence on welding quality (depending on the welder's professional skills and full play on the spot).

Application - it is widely used in shipbuilding, heating furnace and high-pressure vessel, mechanical equipment manufacturing, building structure, chemical machinery and equipment and other production, maintenance and manufacturing industries. It is suitable for electric welding of various metal composite materials, various thicknesses and various structures (in the manufacturing industry).

2. Arc welding (automatic welding machine)

Basic principle - the arc ignites under the flux layer. Use the heat generated by the electric arc ignited between the electrode and the weldment to melt the electrode, flux and butt weld (weldment). It belongs to slag maintenance.

Key characteristics - high production efficiency of electric welding; High welding cost performance; Low cost of electric welding; Good labor standards; Unable to weld in indoor space; The quality of butt weldment assembly line is high; It is not suitable for electric welding of metal sheet (when the electric welding current is lower than 100A, the electric arc reliability is not very good) and short welding.

Application - it is widely used in shipbuilding, heating furnace, highway and bridge, hoisting equipment and metallurgical industry and mechanical processing industry. However, all weldments that can be maintained at the level position or with small inclination can be welded by electric arc welding. The thickness shall be more than 5mm (anti burn through). Electric welding welding carbon steel, low alloy steel, stainless steel plate, heat-resistant steel, composite stainless steel plate, etc.

3. Carbon dioxide gas maintenance welding (fully automatic or fully automatic welding)

Basic principle: carbon dioxide is used as the melting electrode arc welding method to maintain the steam body. Gas maintenance. Key characteristics - high production efficiency of electric welding; Low cost of electric welding; Small welding deformation (electric arc heating centralization); High welding quality; Easy to use; High spill rate; There is no way to use AC welding; Poor impact resistance; Do not weld rare metals that are prone to air oxidation by electric welding.

4. MIG / MAG welding (molten rare gas / specific vapor maintenance welding)

Basic principle of MIG welding - an arc welding method using rare gas as maintenance Gas and electrode as melting level. The maintenance gas is generally argon or helium or their air-fuel ratio. MIG uses rare gas, and MAG adds a small amount of specific vapor to the rare gas, such as CO2, CO2 gas, etc.

5. TIG welding (tungsten rare gas maintenance welding)

Basic principle - under the maintenance of rare gas, the welding process of welding is generated by using the electric arc heat fusion butt weld and filling electrode (and there is no need to add filling electrode) between tungsten electrode and weldment. Electric grade does not melt in the whole process of electric welding.

6. Low temperature plasma argon arc welding

Basic principle - depending on the binding effect of the water cooling nozzle on the electric arc, the low-temperature plasma arc with high efficiency and relative energy density can be obtained to carry out electric welding.

Welding can be divided into melting welding, pressure welding and brazing. Welding is a process in which two or more kinds of the same or different materials are connected by bonding and diffusion between atoms or molecules. The method to promote bonding and diffusion between atoms and molecules is heating or pressurizing, or heating and pressurizing at the same time In the welding process, the workpiece and solder melt to form a molten area, and the connection between materials is formed after the molten pool cools and solidifies. In this process, pressure is usually required. There are many kinds of energy sources for welding, including gas flame, arc, laser, electron beam, friction and ultrasonic.

The above is the relevant content of "welding method" brought by this core test. Through this article, I hope it can be helpful to you. If you like this article, you might as well continue to pay attention to our website, and we will bring more wonderful content later. If you have any needs related to the inspection and testing of electronic products, please call Chuangxin testing, and we will serve you wholeheartedly.